{"id":85648,"date":"2021-02-24T15:49:31","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T18:49:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/?p=85648"},"modified":"2021-12-02T16:42:49","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T19:42:49","slug":"el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/","title":{"rendered":"El salt com a indicador de fatiga"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El control de la fatiga neuromuscular en esportistes \u00e9s de vital import\u00e0ncia a l&#8217;hora de planificar les sessions d&#8217;entrenament i les competicions. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[220,34,31],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.6.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El control de la fatiga neuromuscular en esportistes \u00e9s de vital import\u00e0ncia a l&#039;hora de planificar les sessions d&#039;entrenament i les competicions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El salt com a indicador de fatiga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El control de la fatiga neuromuscular en esportistes \u00e9s de vital import\u00e0ncia a l&#039;hora de planificar les sessions d&#039;entrenament i les competicions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bar\u00e7a Innovation Hub\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/fcbuniversitas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-24T18:49:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-12-02T19:42:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/c08039de-vo210209a74744-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"750\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"El salt com a indicador de fatiga\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"El control de la fatiga neuromuscular en esportistes \u00e9s de vital import\u00e0ncia a l&#039;hora de planificar les sessions d&#039;entrenament i les competicions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/c08039de-vo210209a74744-1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@BarcaInnoHub\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@BarcaInnoHub\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/\",\"name\":\"Bar\\u00e7a Innovation Hub\",\"description\":\"The worldwide centre for sports knowledge and innovation\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/c08039de-vo210209a74744-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/c08039de-vo210209a74744-1.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":750},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/\",\"name\":\"El salt com a indicador de fatiga - 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Poder con\u00e8ixer si un esportista ha arribat als nivells de fatiga planificats en una sessi\u00f3 d&#8217;entrenament, o si al contrari est\u00e0 excessivament fatigat per completar la sessi\u00f3 o per participar en una competici\u00f3, pot ser de gran ajuda.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Existeixen diversos m\u00e8todes per avaluar la fatiga dels esportistes, incloent des de q\u00fcestionaris fins a mesures fisiol\u00f2giques com la freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia card\u00edaca (o la seva variabilitat) o el lactat. A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, una altra opci\u00f3 per determinar la fatiga \u00e9s analitzar els canvis en el propi rendiment f\u00edsic. Aix\u00ed, si per exemple durant un entrenament de for\u00e7a amb una mateixa c\u00e0rrega disminueix de forma marcada la velocitat d&#8217;execuci\u00f3, haur\u00e0 aparegut la fatiga, i el mateix \u00e9s aplicable a altres entrenaments com els d&#8217;esprint (en aquest cas, reflectint-se la fatiga en una p\u00e8rdua de velocitat de cursa). El problema amb molts d&#8217;aquests m\u00e8todes \u00e9s la seva complexitat t\u00e8cnica, ja que per exemple no sempre disposem d&#8217;un encoder lineal o un altre sistema per valorar la velocitat d&#8217;execuci\u00f3 durant els entrenaments de for\u00e7a. Tanmateix, en els \u00faltims anys una \u00e0mplia evid\u00e8ncia ha mostrat que un exercici tan senzill com el salt vertical podria ser un instrument v\u00e0lid per valorar la fatiga neuromuscular del tren inferior.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>El salt com a indicador de fatiga en entrenament de for\u00e7a<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Fa ja deu anys, els investigadors Gonz\u00e1lez Badillo i S\u00e1nchez Medina van mostrar que la p\u00e8rdua d&#8217;al\u00e7ada de salt vertical podia ser utilitzada com un indicador de fatiga durant una sessi\u00f3 d&#8217;entrenament de for\u00e7a, ja que aquesta variable es trobava altament correlacionada amb la p\u00e8rdua de velocitat durant les s\u00e8ries de for\u00e7a (r=0.92).<sup>1<\/sup> A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, els autors van observar que a mesura que disminu\u00efa la capacitat de salt durant la sessi\u00f3 de for\u00e7a, augmentava l&#8217;estr\u00e8s metab\u00f2lic (concentraci\u00f3 en sang de lactat i amoni), van trobar una molt alta correlaci\u00f3 entre la p\u00e8rdua de salt i els nivells de lactat sanguini (r=0.97).<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Salt com a indicador de fatiga en entrenament d&#8217;esprints<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Estudis m\u00e9s recents han continuat confirmant el paper de la capacitat de salt com a indicador de fatiga mec\u00e0nica i metab\u00f2lica. En un estudi liderat novament pel Dr. Gonz\u00e1lez Badillo, un grup de subjectes va realitzar el major n\u00famero possible d&#8217;esprints de 40 metres amb un descans de 4 minuts entre esprints fins que la velocitat disminu\u00efa un 3%, i els autors van avaluar la capacitat de salt i l&#8217;estr\u00e8s metab\u00f2lic (lactat i amoni) en cada per\u00edode de descans entre els esprints.<sup>2<\/sup> Els resultats van mostrar que la p\u00e8rdua d&#8217;un 3% de velocitat en els esprints es va associar a una p\u00e8rdua en la capacitat de salt d&#8217;un 14%. A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, tant el nombre m\u00e0xim d&#8217;esprints que va poder realitzar cada subjecte com la p\u00e8rdua de capacitat de salt es van correlacionar amb l&#8217;acumulaci\u00f3 d&#8217;estr\u00e8s metab\u00f2lic, trobant per exemple una correlaci\u00f3 molt forta entre l&#8217;al\u00e7ada de salt i els nivells de lactat (r=0.96) (<\/strong><em>Figura 1<\/em><strong>)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"imagen_apaisada","imagen_apaisada":{"ID":85630,"id":85630,"title":"EN - imagen 01","filename":"770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","link":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/el-salt-com-a-indicador-de-fatiga\/en-imagen-01-2-2\/","alt":"","author":"33","description":"","caption":"","name":"en-imagen-01-2-2","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":85648,"date":"2021-02-24 18:28:54","modified":"2021-02-24 18:49:32","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/png","type":"image","subtype":"png","icon":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":442,"height":342,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01-300x232.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":232,"medium_large":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","medium_large-width":442,"medium_large-height":342,"large":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","large-width":442,"large-height":342,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","1536x1536-width":442,"1536x1536-height":342,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/770174ab-en-imagen-01.png","2048x2048-width":442,"2048x2048-height":342}},"epigrafe":"Figura 1. Relaci\u00f3 entre la p\u00e8rdua d\u2019al\u00e7ada de salt i la concentraci\u00f3 sangu\u00ednia de lactat durant una s\u00e8rie d'esprints repetits. Figura obtinguda de Jim\u00e9nez-Reyes et al.2"},{"acf_fc_layout":"bloque_de_texto","bloque_de_texto":"<h3>Conclusions i aplicacions pr\u00e0ctiques<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Per tant, existeix una alta correlaci\u00f3 entre la capacitat de salt (o la seva disminuci\u00f3), els nivells d&#8217;estr\u00e8s metab\u00f2lic (e.g., lactat) i el rendiment. \u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que mesurar la capacitat de salt pot ser una forma senzilla i pr\u00e0ctica d&#8217;avaluar la fatiga dels esportistes, permetent-nos per exemple determinar un llindar (e.g., 10-15% de p\u00e8rdua de salt) a partir del qual volem cessar l&#8217;exercici realitzat o augmentar el descans, sense necessitat de realitzar d&#8217;altres mesures com el lactat. Per fer-ho, i com hem comentat en anteriors articles, existeixen diverses aplicacions m\u00f2bils com per exemple MyJump, creada pel Dr. Balsalobre, que permeten avaluar l&#8217;al\u00e7ada de salt fent servir tan sols la c\u00e0mera d&#8217;un m\u00f2bil i que han estat validades comparant-les amb eines de major complexitat t\u00e8cnica i m\u00e9s costoses com s\u00f3n les plataformes de for\u00e7a.<sup>3<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Pedro L. Valenzuela<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>REFER\u00c8NCIES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">S\u00e1nchez-Medina L, Gonz\u00e1lez-Badillo JJ. Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance training. <em>Med Sci Sport Exerc<\/em>. 2011;43(9):1725-1734. doi:10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213f880<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Jim\u00e9nez-Reyes P, Pareja-Blanco F, Cuadrado-Pe\u00f1afiel V, Morcillo JA, P\u00e1rraga JA, Gonz\u00e1lez-Badillo JJ. Mechanical , Metabolic and Perceptual Response during Sprint Training. <em>Int J Sports Med<\/em>. 2016;37(10):807-812.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Balsalobre-Fern\u00e1ndez C, Glaister M, Lockey RA. The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performance. <em>J Sports Sci<\/em>. 2015;33(15):1574-1579. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2014.996184<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n"}],"colaboradores":false,"cta_url_top":"","cta_titulo_footer":"","cta_subtitulo_footer":"","cta_boton_footer":"","cta_url_footer":"","activar_banner_2":false,"banner_2":false,"activar_banner_3":false,"banner_3":false,"cta_boton_top":"","activar_nuevos_banners":true,"activar_banner_1":false,"banner_1":false,"mostrar_banner_1":true,"crear_banner_1":{"utilizar_imagen_unica_para_banner":true,"asignar_imagen_unica_para_banner":"https:\/\/static.capabiliaserver.com\/frontend\/clients\/barca\/wp_prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/9e9753d9-fondo-05-4.png","mostrar_titulo_banner":true,"titulo_para_banner":"APUNTA\u2019T AL CERTIFICAT EN ENTRENAMENT EN ESPORTS D\u2019EQUIP","mostrar_subtitulo_banner":false,"subtitulo_del_banner":"","mostrar_cta_banner":true,"texto_cta_banner":"UNIR-SE ARA","url_cta_banner":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/product\/certificat-en-entrenament-en-esports-dequip\/?utm_source=ads_banner&utm_medium=content&utm_campaign=notas","fondo_de_color_banner":"","fondo_de_imagen_banner":false,"mostrar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false,"asignar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false},"mostrar_banner_2":false,"crear_banner_2":{"utilizar_imagen_unica_para_banner":false,"asignar_imagen_unica_para_banner":false,"mostrar_titulo_banner":false,"titulo_para_banner":"","mostrar_subtitulo_banner":false,"subtitulo_del_banner":"","mostrar_cta_banner":false,"texto_cta_banner":"","url_cta_banner":"","fondo_de_color_banner":"","fondo_de_imagen_banner":false,"mostrar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false,"asignar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false},"mostrar_banner_3":false,"crear_banner_3":{"utilizar_imagen_unica_para_banner":false,"asignar_imagen_unica_para_banner":false,"mostrar_titulo_banner":false,"titulo_para_banner":"","mostrar_subtitulo_banner":false,"subtitulo_del_banner":"","mostrar_cta_banner":false,"texto_cta_banner":"","url_cta_banner":"","fondo_de_color_banner":"","fondo_de_imagen_banner":false,"mostrar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false,"asignar_imagen_izquierda_banner":false},"alineacion_vertical_header":"center","cta_titulo_top":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85648"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85648"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":112680,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85648\/revisions\/112680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barcainnovationhub.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}